Cardiovascular diseases, largely due to atherosclerosis, are the major causes of death in today's world. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by retention and accumulation of lipids in the arterial walls, leading to plaque formation and subsequent cardiovascular events. T cell-based therapies aim to modulate the immune response and prevent or reverse atherosclerosis. By targeting specific T cell subsets and modulating their function, researchers hope to develop novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of atherosclerosis.