The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of EGFR expression and HPV infection and their relationship in the genesis and progression of cervical carcinoma.This analysis included 60 cases of cervical carcinoma, 40 cases of CIN and 30 cases of control group. Patients of cervical carcinoma group were all subjected to radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy in Tumour Hospital, Zhongshan University from 1997 to 2001. The FIGO stage was I a - II b. EGFR protein was stained by S-P immunohistochemistry, and HPV16/18 DNA was detected by PCR.The moderate/ strong expression of EGFR was observed in 0, 42.5%, 76.7% of normal cervical epithelium, CIN and cervical tumor tissue, respectively, with a significant difference among them (P < 0.05). The infection of HPV16/18 was observed in 6.7%, 67.5%, 58.3% of normal cervical tissue, CIN and cervical tumors, respectively. The infection rate of CIN or cervical carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal cervicaltissue (P = 0.000), but no statistically significant difference was observed between cervical carcinoma and CIN. The moderate/strong expression of EGFR demonstrated an association with the cervical invasion depth. The EGFR expression increased significantly as the invasion depth progressed from less than or equal to a half cervical stroma to deeper than that (89.2% vs. 56.5%, P = 0.004). The infection of HPV16/18 demonstrated a correlation with the cervical canal invasion. The infection increased significantly in the cases with cervical invasion than that in the cases without invasion (88.2% vs. 46.5%, P = 0.003). But no significant correlation was observed between EGFR and HPV. Neither EGFR nor HPV had a significant association with carcinoma prognosis.EGFR and HPV demonstrate a significant correlation with genesis and progression of cervical carcinoma. In our study, neither EGFR nor HPV demonstrates a significant association with tumor prognosis, and no significant correlation is observed between EGFR and HPV.