To observe the clinical efficacy and the survival of hematopathy patients by Tiaohe Ganpi Recipe (TGR) in assisting the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), thus finding out new thinking ways and methods for Chinese medicine in intervening HSCT.Twenty-seven hematopathy patients scheduled to receive HSCT were randomly assigned to two groups, thirteen in the control group and fourteen in the treatment group. They were treated with the conventional treatment of HSCT, but TGR was additionally given to patients in the treatment group during the whole course. All patients were followed up till December 31, 2009 (with the median follow-up time of twenty-five months). The hemopoietic rebuilding time, the implantation state, the therapy correlated mortality, the recurrence rate, preconditioning correlated complications, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the survival time, the survival probability, and so on in the two groups were observed and compared.Better results were obtained in the treatment group in the survival time (41.6 +/- 6.5 months vs. 21.0 +/- 5.9 months), the survival probability (78.6% vs. 30.8%), the 1-3-year cumulative interval survival rate (80.8% vs. 46.2%, 69.3% vs. 34.6%, and 69.3% vs. 34.6%, respectively), the therapy correlated mortality (0 vs. 30.8%), and the death risk (all P 0.05).TGR could lower the therapy correlated mortality, prolong the survival time, and improve the cumulative survival rate in the HSCT treatment of hematopathy patients, playing efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing effect.