Publisher Summary Synaptic vesicle membrane proteins are retrieved from presynaptic membrane by endocytosis, and the new synaptic vesicles are reformed at the nerve terminal from retrieved constituents. During endocytosis, specific membrane proteins are sorted into regions of plasma membrane that form invaginated pits; the contents of these pits are internalized as endocytic vesicles after membrane fission at the “neck” of the invagination. New synaptic vesicles are formed from recycled membrane proteins, and neurotransmitter molecules synthesized in the cytoplasm are pumped into the newly formed synaptic vesicles by proton-driven transporters present on the vesicle membrane. Molecules potentially involved in synaptic vesicle recycling are being identified by biochemical and genetic approaches. However, direct involvement of these molecules in reutilization of synaptic vesicle membrane has been demonstrated for only a very few. This chapter discusses contributions made by Drosophila genetics to the current understanding of synaptic vesicle recycling. The chapter also outlines, in the context of tools available at the Drosophila larval neuromuscular synapse, what should be the most promising avenues to pursue in Drosophila to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the endocytic recycling of synaptic vesicles.