IFN-γ is a major cytokine that is critical for host resistance to a broad range of intracellular pathogens. Production of IFN-γ by natural killer and T cells is initiated by the recognition of pathogens by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In an experimental model of toxoplasmosis, we have identified the presence of a nonlymphoid source of IFN-γ that was particularly evident in the absence of TLR-mediated recognition ofToxoplasma gondii. Genetically altered mice lacking all lymphoid cells due to deficiencies in Recombination Activating Gene 2 and IL-2Rγcgenes also produced IFN-γ in response to the protozoan parasite. Flow-cytometry and morphological examinations of non-NK/non-T IFN-γ+cells identified neutrophils as the cell type capable of producing IFN-γ. Selective elimination of neutrophils in TLR11−/−mice infected with the parasite resulted in acute susceptibility similar to that observed in IFN-γ–deficient mice. Similarly,Salmonella typhimuriuminfection of TLR-deficient mice induces the appearance of IFN-γ+neutrophils. Thus, neutrophils are a crucial source for IFN-γ that is required for TLR-independent host protection against intracellular pathogens.