AbstractBackgroundFatty acid binding protein‐2 (FABP‐2) is involved in the metabolism of lipids in the intestine. FABP‐2 Ala54Thr polymorphism involves a transition of G to A at codon 54 of FABP‐2, resulting in an amino acid substitution Ala54 to Thr54 and is associated with elevated fasting triglycerides in some hyperlipidemic populations.In current genome builds and gene databases the variant of the Ala54Thr FABP‐2 (rs 1 799 883) is annotated as c.163A>G (p. Thr55Ala).Aim and ObjectiveThe status of this polymorphism in hyperlipidemic Asian Indians from North India has not been investigated. This study was aimed to evaluate the distribution of the polymorphic variants of the Ala54Thr FABP‐2 and their association with lipids in hyperlipidemic subjects.MethodsAla54Thr FABP‐2 polymorphism in both hyperlipidemic (n = 210) and normolipidemic (n = 342) subjects was assessed by PCR‐RFLP.ResultsAla54Thr genotypes and alleles distribution did not differ between the hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic groups.The heterozygous genotype FABP‐2 Ala/Thr was significantly associated with higher levels of triglycerides and very low‐density lipoproteins as compared to the homozygous variant (Thr/Thr) genotype and the wild type homozygous (Ala/Ala) genotype.ConclusionsThe heterozygous genotype FABP‐2 Ala54Thr is a risk factor for the development of hypertriglyceridemia and increased levels of VLDL‐c in Asian Indians from North India.