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Journal of Neuroscience
Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: Crossref
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Dependence on a Retinophilin/Myosin Complex for Stability of PKC and INAD and Termination of Phototransduction

Authors: Venkatachalam, Kartik; Wasserman, David; Wang, Xiaoyue; Li, Ruoxia; Mills, Eric; Elsaesser, Rebecca; Li, Hong-Sheng; +1 Authors

Dependence on a Retinophilin/Myosin Complex for Stability of PKC and INAD and Termination of Phototransduction

Abstract

Normal termination of signaling is essential to reset signaling cascades, especially those such as phototransduction that are turned on and off with great rapidity. Genetic approaches inDrosophilaled to the identification of several proteins required for termination, including protein kinase C (PKC), NINAC (neither inactivation nor afterpotential C) p174, which consists of fused protein kinase and myosin domains, and a PDZ (postsynaptic density-95/Discs Large/zona occludens-1) scaffold protein, INAD (inactivation no afterpotential D). Here, we describe a mutation affecting a poorly characterized but evolutionarily conserved protein, Retinophilin (Retin), which is expressed primarily in the phototransducing compartment of photoreceptor cells, the rhabdomeres. Retin and NINAC formed a complex and were mutually dependent on each other for expression. Loss ofretinresulted in an age-dependent impairment in termination of phototransduction. Mutations that affect termination of the photoresponse typically lead to a reduction in levels of the major rhodopsin (Rh1) to attenuate signaling. Consistent with the slower termination inretin1, the mutant photoreceptor cells exhibited increased endocytosis of Rh1 and a decline in Rh1 protein. The slower termination inretin1was a consequence of a cascade of defects, which began with the reduction in NINAC p174 levels. The diminished p174 concentration caused a decrease in INAD. Because PKC requires interaction with INAD for protein stability, this leads to reduction in PKC levels. The decline in PKC was age dependent and paralleled the onset of the termination phenotype inretin1mutant flies. We conclude that the slower termination of the photoresponse inretin1resulted from a requirement for the Retin/NINAC complex for stability of INAD and PKC.

Keywords

Light Signal Transduction, Neuroscience and Neurobiology, Myosin Heavy Chains, Genetically Modified, Myosins, Animals, Genetically Modified, Enzyme Stability, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Drosophila, Eye Proteins, Photic Stimulation, Protein Kinase C

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
29
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
hybrid