We describe and illustrate two new species, Actinocephalus delicatus and A. giuliettiae (Eriocaulaceae, Paepalanthoideae), from the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil, and compare them with the morphologically most similar species. Diagnostic characters, morphological variation, geographic distribution, habitat and conservation status, as well as line drawings, photos and a distribution map are provided for both species.