TIGIT-positive circulating follicular helper T cells display robust B-cell help functions: potential role in sickle cell alloimmunization
TIGIT-positive circulating follicular helper T cells display robust B-cell help functions: potential role in sickle cell alloimmunization
T follicular helper cells are the main CD4(+) T cells specialized in supporting B-cell responses, but their role in driving transfusion-associated alloimmunization is not fully characterized. Reports of T follicular helper subsets displaying various markers and functional activities underscore the need for better characterization/identification of markers with defined functions. Here we show that a previously unidentified subset of human circulating T follicular helper cells expressing TIGIT, the T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory domains, exhibit strong B-cell help functions. Compared to the subset lacking the receptor, T follicular helper cells expressing this receptor up-regulated co-stimulatory molecules and produced higher levels of interleukins (IL-21 and IL-4) critical for promoting B-cell activation/differentiation. Furthermore, this subset was more efficient at inducing the differentiation of B cells into plasmablasts and promoting immunoglobulin G production. Blocking antibodies abrogated the B-cell help properties of receptor-expressing T follicular helper cells, consistent with the key role of this molecule in T follicular helper-associated responses. Importantly, in chronically transfused patients with sickle cell anemia, we identified functional differences of this subset between alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized patients. Altogether, these studies suggest that expression of the T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyro-sine-based inhibitory domains not only represents a novel circulating T follicular helper biomarker, but is also functional and promotes strong B-cell help and ensuing immunoglobulin G production. These findings open the way to defining new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in modulating humoral responses in alloimmunization, and possibly vaccination, autoimmunity and immune deficiencies.
- University of Pennsylvania United States
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman school of medicine, / Radiology Dpt United States
- New York Blood Center United States
- NEW YORK BLOOD CENTER
Male, B-Lymphocytes, Adolescent, Transfusion Reaction, Anemia, Sickle Cell, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Isoantibodies, Child, Preschool, Immunoglobulin G, Humans, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, Female, RC633-647.5, Receptors, Immunologic, Child
Male, B-Lymphocytes, Adolescent, Transfusion Reaction, Anemia, Sickle Cell, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, Isoantibodies, Child, Preschool, Immunoglobulin G, Humans, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, Female, RC633-647.5, Receptors, Immunologic, Child
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