Recently, it has been reported that genetic variants around the gene neuregulin 1 are associated with schizophrenia in an Icelandic sample. Of particular interest was the presence of a single-risk haplotype that was significantly over-represented in schizophrenic individuals compared to controls (15.4 : 7.5%, P=6.7 x 10(-6)). We have attempted to replicate this result in our large collection of 573 schizophrenia cases and 618 controls. We found that the risk haplotype was more common in cases than controls (9.5 : 7.5%; P=0.04), and especially in our subset of 141 cases with a family history of schizophrenia (11.6%; P=0.019). Our results therefore replicate the Icelandic findings in an out-bred Northern European population, although they suggest that the risk conferred by the haplotype is small.