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PLoS Genetics
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Lirias
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Suppression of Scant Identifies Endos as a Substrate of Greatwall Kinase and a Negative Regulator of Protein Phosphatase 2A in Mitosis

Authors: Hélène Rangone; Eva Wegel; Melanie K Gatt; Eirene Yeung; Alexander Flowers; Janusz Debski; Janusz Debski; +4 Authors

Suppression of Scant Identifies Endos as a Substrate of Greatwall Kinase and a Negative Regulator of Protein Phosphatase 2A in Mitosis

Abstract

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a major role in dephosphorylating the targets of the major mitotic kinase Cdk1 at mitotic exit, yet how it is regulated in mitotic progression is poorly understood. Here we show that mutations in either the catalytic or regulatory twins/B55 subunit of PP2A act as enhancers of gwl(Scant), a gain-of-function allele of the Greatwall kinase gene that leads to embryonic lethality in Drosophila when the maternal dosage of the mitotic kinase Polo is reduced. We also show that heterozygous mutant endos alleles suppress heterozygous gwl(Scant); many more embryos survive. Furthermore, heterozygous PP2A mutations make females heterozygous for the strong mutation polo(11) partially sterile, even in the absence of gwl(Scant). Heterozygosity for an endos mutation suppresses this PP2A/polo(11) sterility. Homozygous mutation or knockdown of endos leads to phenotypes suggestive of defects in maintaining the mitotic state. In accord with the genetic interactions shown by the gwl(Scant) dominant mutant, the mitotic defects of Endos knockdown in cultured cells can be suppressed by knockdown of either the catalytic or the Twins/B55 regulatory subunits of PP2A but not by the other three regulatory B subunits of Drosophila PP2A. Greatwall phosphorylates Endos at a single site, Ser68, and this is essential for Endos function. Together these interactions suggest that Greatwall and Endos act to promote the inactivation of PP2A-Twins/B55 in Drosophila. We discuss the involvement of Polo kinase in such a regulatory loop.

Keywords

Male, 570, MITOTIC EXIT, GENES, ALPHA-ENDOSULFINE, Mitosis, PROGRESSION, QH426-470, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Nervous System, Time-Lapse Imaging, 3105 Genetics, 3RD CHROMOSOME, Genetics, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, CELL-CYCLE, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Gene Regulatory Networks, XENOPUS EGG EXTRACTS, Cells, Cultured, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics & Heredity, 0604 Genetics, Science & Technology, MICROTUBULES, Drosophila melanogaster, Fertility, Microscopy, Fluorescence, DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Larva, ENTRY, Mutation, Female, RNA Interference, Peptides, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Developmental Biology, Research Article

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
59
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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