AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disorder of which stress is a major contributor. Under stressful condition, body synthesizes a family of molecular chaperone called Heat‐shock proteins (HSPs). Current study assessed the frequency and association of HSP70‐hom + 2,437 T/C polymorphism with T2DM risk among Bangladeshis.MethodsThis polymorphism was selected through bioinformatics analyses and identified by PCR‐RFLP method.ResultsBioinformatics analysis identified this SNP as missense mutation which could destabilize the final HSP product. Heterozygous mutant (CT) genotype was significantly associated with T2DM incidence among the studied populations (p = .015). Further analysis revealed a strong association with female patients (p = .002), while the male group showed no association (p = .958). Moreover, the C allele was significantly associated among all diabetic patients (p = .016) and particularly in the female patient group (p = .001). However, under stressful condition, males with CT genotype were at high risk for T2DM incidence whereas, females with CT genotype showed no significant association.ConclusionsHSP70‐hom + 2,437 T/C polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with T2DM incidence in the Bangladeshi population in both stress‐dependent and independent manners.