An internal promoter underlies the difference in disease severity between N- and C-terminal truncation mutations of Titin in zebrafish
An internal promoter underlies the difference in disease severity between N- and C-terminal truncation mutations of Titin in zebrafish
Truncating mutations in the giant sarcomeric protein Titin result in dilated cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy. The most severely affected dilated cardiomyopathy patients harbor Titin truncations in the C-terminal two-thirds of the protein, suggesting that mutation position might influence disease mechanism. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated six zebrafish lines with Titin truncations in the N-terminal and C-terminal regions. Although all exons were constitutive, C-terminal mutations caused severe myopathy whereas N-terminal mutations demonstrated mild phenotypes. Surprisingly, neither mutation type acted as a dominant negative. Instead, we found a conserved internal promoter at the precise position where divergence in disease severity occurs, with the resulting protein product partially rescuing N-terminal truncations. In addition to its clinical implications, our work may shed light on a long-standing mystery regarding the architecture of the sarcomere.
- University of California, San Francisco United States
- University of Zurich Switzerland
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill United States
- Polish Academy of Sciences Poland
- Cardiovascular Institute Hospital Japan
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, QH301-705.5, Science, 610 Medicine & health, Muscular Diseases, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2400 General Immunology and Microbiology, 10019 Department of Biochemistry, Animals, Humans, Connectin, Biology (General), Human Biology and Medicine, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Zebrafish, Sequence Deletion, Q, R, 2800 General Neuroscience, Disease Models, Animal, 570 Life sciences; biology, Medicine, Mutant Proteins, sarcomere, genetic, cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, QH301-705.5, Science, 610 Medicine & health, Muscular Diseases, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2400 General Immunology and Microbiology, 10019 Department of Biochemistry, Animals, Humans, Connectin, Biology (General), Human Biology and Medicine, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Zebrafish, Sequence Deletion, Q, R, 2800 General Neuroscience, Disease Models, Animal, 570 Life sciences; biology, Medicine, Mutant Proteins, sarcomere, genetic, cardiomyopathy
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