Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 (BST-2) DNA Is Demethylated in Breast Tumors and Breast Cancer Cells
Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 (BST-2) DNA Is Demethylated in Breast Tumors and Breast Cancer Cells
Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is a known anti-viral gene that has been recently identified to be overexpressed in many cancers, including breast cancer. BST-2 is critical for the invasiveness of breast cancer cells and the formation of metastasis in vivo. Although the regulation of BST-2 in immune cells is unraveling, it is unknown how BST-2 expression is regulated in breast cancer. We hypothesized that meta-analyses of BST-2 gene expression and BST-2 DNA methylation profiles would illuminate mechanisms regulating elevated BST-2 expression in breast tumor tissues and cells.We performed comprehensive meta-analyses of BST-2 gene expression and BST-2 DNA methylation in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and various Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. BST-2 expression levels and BST-2 DNA methylation status at specific CpG sites on the BST-2 gene were compared for various breast tumor molecular subtypes and breast cancer cell lines.We show that BST-2 gene expression is inversely associated with the methylation status at specific CpG sites in primary breast cancer specimens and breast cancer cell lines. BST-2 demethylation is significantly more prevalent in primary tumors and cancer cells than in normal breast tissues or normal mammary epithelial cells. Demethylation of the BST-2 gene significantly correlates with its mRNA expression. These studies provide the initial evidence that significant differences exist in BST-2 DNA methylation patterns between breast tumors and normal breast tissues, and that BST-2 expression patterns in tumors and cancer cells correlate with hypomethylated BST-2 DNA.Our study suggests that the DNA methylation pattern and expression of BST-2 may play a role in disease pathogenesis and could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
- University of Iowa United States
- UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill United States
- Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine United States
Epigenomics, Science, Breast Neoplasms, GPI-Linked Proteins, Antigens, CD, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Gene Expression Profiling, Q, R, Computational Biology, DNA Methylation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Azacitidine, Medicine, CpG Islands, Female, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Research Article
Epigenomics, Science, Breast Neoplasms, GPI-Linked Proteins, Antigens, CD, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Gene Expression Profiling, Q, R, Computational Biology, DNA Methylation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Azacitidine, Medicine, CpG Islands, Female, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Research Article
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