Cryptochrome-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Entrainment Circuits inDrosophila
Cryptochrome-Dependent and -Independent Circadian Entrainment Circuits inDrosophila
Entrainment to environmental light/dark (LD) cycles is a central function of circadian clocks. InDrosophila, entrainment is achieved by Cryptochrome (CRY) and input from the visual system. During activation by brief light pulses, CRY triggers the degradation of TIMELESS and subsequent shift in circadian phase. This is less important for LD entrainment, leading to questions regarding light input circuits and mechanisms from the visual system. Recent studies show that different subsets of brain pacemaker clock neurons, the morning (M) and evening (E) oscillators, have distinct functions in light entrainment. However, the role of CRY in M and E oscillators for entrainment to LD cycles is unknown. Here, we address this question by selectively expressing CRY in different subsets of clock neurons in acry-null (cry0) mutant background. We were able to rescue the light entrainment deficits ofcry0mutants by expressing CRY in E oscillators but not in any other clock neurons. Par domain protein 1 molecular oscillations in the E, but not M, cells ofcry0mutants still responded to the LD phase delay. This residual light response was stemming from the visual system because it disappeared when all external photoreceptors were ablated genetically. We concluded that the E oscillators are the targets of light input via CRY and the visual system and are required for normal light entrainment.
- Okayama University Japan
- University of Würzburg Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Germany
- Max Planck Society Germany
Male, 570, Light, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice, Transgenic, Motor Activity, Eye, Physical Stimulation, circadian clock, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Visual Pathways, RNA, Messenger, Cryptochrome, Circadian Rhythm, Cryptochromes, Drosophila melanogaster, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, light entrainment, Mutation, Drosophila, clock neurons
Male, 570, Light, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice, Transgenic, Motor Activity, Eye, Physical Stimulation, circadian clock, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Visual Pathways, RNA, Messenger, Cryptochrome, Circadian Rhythm, Cryptochromes, Drosophila melanogaster, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, light entrainment, Mutation, Drosophila, clock neurons
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