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Haem-responsive gene transporter enables mobilization of host haem in ticks

Authors: J. Perner; T. Hatalova; M. Cabello-Donayre; V. Urbanova; D. Sojka; H. Frantova; D. Hartmann; +3 Authors

Haem-responsive gene transporter enables mobilization of host haem in ticks

Abstract

Ticks, notorious blood-feeders and disease-vectors, have lost a part of their genetic complement encoding haem biosynthetic enzymes and are, therefore, dependent on the acquisition and distribution of host haem. Solute carrier protein SLC48A1, aka haem-responsive gene 1 protein (HRG1), has been implicated in haem transport, regulating the availability of intracellular haem. HRG1 transporter has been identified in both free-living and parasitic organisms ranging from unicellular kinetoplastids, nematodes, up to vertebrates. However, an HRG1 homologue in the arthropod lineage has not yet been identified. We have identified a single HRG1 homologue in the midgut transcriptome of the tick Ixodes ricinus, denoted as Ir HRG, and have elucidated its role as a haem transporter. Data from haem biosynthesis-deficient yeast growth assays, systemic RNA interference and the evaluation of gallium protoporphyrin IX-mediated toxicity through tick membrane feeding clearly show that Ir HRG is the bona fide tetrapyrrole transporter. We argue that during evolution, ticks profited from retaining a functional hrg1 gene in the genome because its protein product facilitates host haem escort from intracellularly digested haemoglobin, rendering haem bioavailable for a haem-dependent network of enzymes.

Country
Czech Republic
Keywords

Hemeproteins, QH301-705.5, auxotrophy, Sequence Homology, midgut, Heme, ticks, Arthropod Proteins, hrg, Hemoglobins, iron, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Biology (General), Phylogeny, degradation, Ixodes, Research, haem, structural basis, hemoglobin, sequence, Tick Infestations, HRG, transporter, digest cells, recognition, protein, Transcriptome, metabolism, Digestive System

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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