Regulation of Drosophila mesoderm migration by phosphoinositides and the PH domain of the Rho GTP exchange factor Pebble
Regulation of Drosophila mesoderm migration by phosphoinositides and the PH domain of the Rho GTP exchange factor Pebble
The Drosophila RhoGEF Pebble (Pbl) is required for cytokinesis and migration of mesodermal cells. In a screen for genes that could suppress migration defects in pbl mutants we identified the phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PtdInsP) regulator pi5k59B. Genetic interaction tests with other PtdInsP regulators suggested that PtdIns(4,5)P2 levels are important for mesoderm migration when Pbl is depleted. Consistent with this, the leading front of migrating mesodermal cells was enriched for PtdIns(4,5)P2. Given that Pbl contains a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain, a known PtdInsP-binding motif, we examined PtdInsP-binding of Pbl and the importance of the PH domain for Pbl function. In vitro lipid blot assays showed that Pbl binds promiscuously to PtdInsPs, with binding strength associated with the degree of phosphorylation. Pbl was also able to bind lipid vesicles containing PtdIns(4,5)P2 but binding was strongly reduced upon deletion of the PH domain. Similarly, in vivo, loss of the PH domain prevented localisation of Pbl to the cell cortex and severely affected several aspects of early mesoderm development, including flattening of the invaginated tube onto the ectoderm, extension of protrusions, and dorsal migration to form a monolayer. Pbl lacking the PH domain could still localise to the cytokinetic furrow, however, and cytokinesis failure was reduced in pbl(ΔPH) mutants. Taken together, our results support a model in which interaction of the PH-domain of Pbl with PtdIns(4,5)P2 helps localise it to the plasma membrane which is important for mesoderm migration.
- University of Melbourne Australia
- Australian National University Australia
- University of Toronto Canada
- University of California, San Diego United States
- University of Adelaide Australia
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate, protein pi5k59B, 571, cell migration, embryo, cytokinesis, Phosphoinositide, Rho GEF, Phosphatidylinositols, gene expr Drosophila, Pebble, Mesoderm, Cell Movement, pebble protein, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, controlled study, Phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Binding Sites, Cell Membrane, allele, article, Cell Biology, unclassified drug, enzyme activity, Pleckstrin homology domain, Protein Structure, Tertiary, regulator protein, Mesoderm migration, Drosophila, Guanosine Triphosphate, Keywords: guanine nucleotide exchange factor, cell membrane, phosphatidylinositide, Developmental Biology, Signal Transduction
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate, protein pi5k59B, 571, cell migration, embryo, cytokinesis, Phosphoinositide, Rho GEF, Phosphatidylinositols, gene expr Drosophila, Pebble, Mesoderm, Cell Movement, pebble protein, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, controlled study, Phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Binding Sites, Cell Membrane, allele, article, Cell Biology, unclassified drug, enzyme activity, Pleckstrin homology domain, Protein Structure, Tertiary, regulator protein, Mesoderm migration, Drosophila, Guanosine Triphosphate, Keywords: guanine nucleotide exchange factor, cell membrane, phosphatidylinositide, Developmental Biology, Signal Transduction
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