Polyunsaturated fatty acids affect the localization and signaling of PIP3/AKT in prostate cancer cells
Polyunsaturated fatty acids affect the localization and signaling of PIP3/AKT in prostate cancer cells
AKT is a serine-threonine protein kinase that plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. It is activated after binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) with phosphate groups at positions 3,4 and 3,4,5 on the inositol ring. In spite of extensive research on AKT, one aspect has been largely overlooked, namely the role of the fatty acid chains on PIPs. PIPs are phospholipids composed of a glycerol backbone with fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 position and inositol at the sn-3 position. Here, we show that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) modify phospholipid content. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an ω3 PUFA, can replace the fatty acid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone, thereby changing the species of phospholipids. DHA also inhibits AKT(T308) but not AKT(S473) phosphorylation, alters PI(3,4,5)P3 (PIP3) and phospho-AKT(S473) protein localization, decreases pPDPK1(S241)-AKT and AKT-BAD interaction and suppresses prostate tumor growth. Our study highlights a potential novel mechanism of cancer inhibition by ω3 PUFA through alteration of PIP3 and AKT localization and affecting the AKT signaling pathway.
- Jiangnan University China (People's Republic of)
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China (People's Republic of)
- Wake Forest University United States
- Xiangnan University China (People's Republic of)
- Nanchang University China (People's Republic of)
Male, PTEN Phosphohydrolase, Prostatic Neoplasms, Apoptosis, Mice, Transgenic, Mice, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Cell Line, Tumor, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Animals, Humans, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Cell Proliferation, Signal Transduction
Male, PTEN Phosphohydrolase, Prostatic Neoplasms, Apoptosis, Mice, Transgenic, Mice, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Cell Line, Tumor, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Animals, Humans, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Cell Proliferation, Signal Transduction
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