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Clinical Chemistry
Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
License: OUP Standard Publication Reuse
Data sources: Crossref
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Clinical Chemistry
Article
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A Multiplex Assay for Detecting Genetic Variations in CYP2C9, VKORC1, and GGCX Involved in Warfarin Metabolism

Authors: Alex J, Rai; Nitin, Udar; Rana, Saad; Martin, Fleisher;

A Multiplex Assay for Detecting Genetic Variations in CYP2C9, VKORC1, and GGCX Involved in Warfarin Metabolism

Abstract

Abstract Background: Patients differ in responses to warfarin, which is commonly prescribed to treat thromboembolic events. Genetic variations in the cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9 (CYP2C9), vitamin K epoxide reductase complex, subunit 1 (VKORC1), and gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) genes have been shown to contribute to impaired metabolism of warfarin. Methods: We designed a custom multiplex single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel to interrogate the CYP2C9 *2, *3, VKORC1 (–1639G→A), and GGCX (1181T→G) alleles simultaneously in a single sample by use of single-base extension and capillary electrophoresis after genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification. Results: Our assay successfully detected various genotypes from known controls and 24 unknown samples. It was found to be 100% concordant with sequencing results. Conclusions: Our multiplexed SNP panel can be successfully used in genotyping of patient blood samples. Results can be combined with other clinical parameters in an algorithm for warfarin dosing. These data provide a proof-in-principle of multiplexed SNP analysis using rapid single-base extension and capillary electrophoresis, and warrant additional validation using a larger cohort of patient samples.

Keywords

Carbon-Carbon Ligases, Genetic Techniques, Genotype, Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases, Humans, Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases, Warfarin, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9, Mixed Function Oxygenases

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    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Average
Top 10%
Average
hybrid