Telomerase regulates MYC-driven oncogenesis independent of its reverse transcriptase activity
Telomerase regulates MYC-driven oncogenesis independent of its reverse transcriptase activity
Constitutively active MYC and reactivated telomerase often coexist in cancers. While reactivation of telomerase is thought to be essential for replicative immortality, MYC, in conjunction with cofactors, confers several growth advantages to cancer cells. It is known that the reactivation of TERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, is limiting for reconstituting telomerase activity in tumors. However, while reactivation of TERT has been functionally linked to the acquisition of several "hallmarks of cancer" in tumors, the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs and whether these mechanisms are distinct from the role of telomerase on telomeres is not clear. Here, we demonstrated that first-generation TERT-null mice, unlike Terc-null mice, show delayed onset of MYC-induced lymphomagenesis. We further determined that TERT is a regulator of MYC stability in cancer. TERT stabilized MYC levels on chromatin, contributing to either activation or repression of its target genes. TERT regulated MYC ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, and this effect of TERT was independent of its reverse transcriptase activity and role in telomere elongation. Based on these data, we conclude that reactivation of TERT, a direct transcriptional MYC target in tumors, provides a feed-forward mechanism to potentiate MYC-dependent oncogenesis.
- National University of Singapore Libraries Singapore
- National University of Singapore Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore
- Imperial College London United Kingdom
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Singapore
CHROMATIN, Time Factors, Lymphoma, Transcription, Genetic, Genes, myc, Research & Experimental Medicine, Cell Transformation, Inbred C57BL, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Mice, RIBOSOMAL DNA, BINDING, HUMAN GENOME, CATALYTIC SUBUNIT, Phosphorylation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Telomerase, IN-VIVO, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, GENE-EXPRESSION, TRANSGENIC MICE, Feedback, Physiological, Mice, Knockout, Tumor, Protein Stability, Research & Experimental, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, myc, CANCER, Neoplasm Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Medicine, Research & Experimental, Medicine, Heterografts, RNA Interference, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Physiological, Knockout, Immunology, Non-Hodgkin, 610, Cell Line, Feedback, Promoter Regions, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Genetic, Cell Line, Tumor, C-MYC, Animals, Humans, Protein Processing, Neoplastic, Science & Technology, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta, Post-Translational, Ubiquitination, Telomere Homeostasis, Enzyme Activation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Gene Expression Regulation, Genes, RNA, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Neoplasm Transplantation
CHROMATIN, Time Factors, Lymphoma, Transcription, Genetic, Genes, myc, Research & Experimental Medicine, Cell Transformation, Inbred C57BL, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Mice, RIBOSOMAL DNA, BINDING, HUMAN GENOME, CATALYTIC SUBUNIT, Phosphorylation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Telomerase, IN-VIVO, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, GENE-EXPRESSION, TRANSGENIC MICE, Feedback, Physiological, Mice, Knockout, Tumor, Protein Stability, Research & Experimental, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, myc, CANCER, Neoplasm Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Medicine, Research & Experimental, Medicine, Heterografts, RNA Interference, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Physiological, Knockout, Immunology, Non-Hodgkin, 610, Cell Line, Feedback, Promoter Regions, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Genetic, Cell Line, Tumor, C-MYC, Animals, Humans, Protein Processing, Neoplastic, Science & Technology, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta, Post-Translational, Ubiquitination, Telomere Homeostasis, Enzyme Activation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Gene Expression Regulation, Genes, RNA, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Neoplasm Transplantation
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