LXRs Regulate ER Stress and Inflammation through Dynamic Modulation of Membrane Phospholipid Composition
Copyright policy )LXRs Regulate ER Stress and Inflammation through Dynamic Modulation of Membrane Phospholipid Composition
The fatty acyl composition of phospholipids determines the biophysical character of membranes and impacts the function of membrane proteins. Here, we define a nuclear receptor pathway for the dynamic modulation of membrane composition in response to changes in cellular lipid metabolism. Ligand activation of liver X receptors (LXRs) preferentially drives the incorporation of polyunsaturated fatty acids into phospholipids through induction of the remodeling enzyme Lpcat3. Promotion of Lpcat3 activity ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by saturated free fatty acids in vitro or by hepatic lipid accumulation in vivo. Conversely, Lpcat3 knockdown in liver exacerbates ER stress and inflammation. Mechanistically, Lpcat3 modulates inflammation both by regulating inflammatory kinase activation through changes in membrane composition and by affecting substrate availability for inflammatory mediator production. These results outline an endogenous mechanism for the preservation of membrane homeostasis during lipid stress and identify Lpcat3 as an important mediator of LXR effects on metabolism.
- University of California, San Francisco United States
- Washington University in St. Louis United States
- University of Mary United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Gaston Berger University Senegal
Male, 570, Physiology, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src), 610, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Cell Line, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Mice, Membrane Microdomains, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Phospholipids, Nutrition, Liver X Receptors, Inflammation, Liver Disease, Cell Membrane, Fatty Acids, 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase, Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Liver, Biochemistry and cell biology, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Inflammation Mediators, Digestive Diseases, Signal Transduction
Male, 570, Physiology, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src), 610, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Cell Line, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Mice, Membrane Microdomains, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Phospholipids, Nutrition, Liver X Receptors, Inflammation, Liver Disease, Cell Membrane, Fatty Acids, 1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase, Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Liver, Biochemistry and cell biology, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Inflammation Mediators, Digestive Diseases, Signal Transduction
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