To date, the known Chinese fauna of egg-parasitoids of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer encompasses two species from the mainland – O. doumao Burks and O. nubbin Burks. Here we record eighteen species of Oxyscelio from collections in mainland China: O. arvi Burks, O. ceylonensis (Dodd), O. convergens Burks, O. cordis Burks, O. crebritas Burks, O. cuculli Burks, O. dermatoglyphes Burks, O. doumao Burks, O. florus Kononova, O. granorum Burks, O. intermedietas Burks, O. jugi Burks, O. kramatos Burks, O. longiventris Burks, O. naraws Kozlov & Lê, O. perpensus Kononova, O. planocarinae Burks, and O. striarum Burks. Oxyscelio is primarily found in the tropics, and most of these species are shared with Taiwan and southeast Asia. Three species previously known only from Japan, O. arvi, O. florus, O. perpensus, are shared. The Chinese species are recorded from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hebei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and Zhejiang as well as additional material from Taiwan. Heptascelio hamatus Masner & Johnson and Platyscelio pulchricornis Kieffer are both recorded from Hainan and Guangdong, as well as records of P. pulchricornis from Sarawak and Thailand.