Members of the Ets transcription factor family function in many biological processes. We show the presence of Ets transcription factors, most prominently Net, in neonatal rat Schwann cells, and demonstrate Ets-dependent transcription under conditions where the cells are exposed to autocrine signals or autocrine signals plus beta-neuregulin. Using the potent MAPK kinase inhibitor U0126 we also confirm that the MAP kinase pathway, an activator of Ets transcription, is involved in beta-neuregulin mediated Schwann cell survival. Furthermore, we find that expression of dominant negative Ets1 (N70-Ets1) inhibits both the beta-neuregulin and autocrine survival of Schwann cells. In contrast, the survival of Schwann cells mediated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is unaffected by expression of a dominant negative Ets molecule. These data demonstrate that distinct autocrine and beta-neuregulin survival signals converge in their requirement for Ets dependent transcription in Schwann cell survival.