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Molecules
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Chemometric Models of Differential Amino Acids at the Navα and Navβ Interface of Mammalian Sodium Channel Isoforms

Authors: Fernando Villa-Diaz; Susana Lopez-Nunez; Jordan E. Ruiz-Castelan; Eduardo Marcos Salinas-Stefanon; Thomas Scior;

Chemometric Models of Differential Amino Acids at the Navα and Navβ Interface of Mammalian Sodium Channel Isoforms

Abstract

(1) Background: voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) are integral membrane proteins that allow the sodium ion flux into the excitable cells and initiate the action potential. They comprise an α (Navα) subunit that forms the channel pore and are coupled to one or more auxiliary β (Navβ) subunits that modulate the gating to a variable extent. (2) Methods: after performing homology in silico modeling for all nine isoforms (Nav1.1α to Nav1.9α), the Navα and Navβ protein-protein interaction (PPI) was analyzed chemometrically based on the primary and secondary structures as well as topological or spatial mapping. (3) Results: our findings reveal a unique isoform-specific correspondence between certain segments of the extracellular loops of the Navα subunits. Precisely, loop S5 in domain I forms part of the PPI and assists Navβ1 or Navβ3 on all nine mammalian isoforms. The implied molecular movements resemble macroscopic springs, all of which explains published voltage sensor effects on sodium channel fast inactivation in gating. (4) Conclusions: currently, the specific functions exerted by the Navβ1 or Navβ3 subunits on the modulation of Navα gating remain unknown. Our work determined functional interaction in the extracellular domains on theoretical grounds and we propose a schematic model of the gating mechanism of fast channel sodium current inactivation by educated guessing.

Keywords

Models, Molecular, homology modeling, Sodium, Organic chemistry, interactome, Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels, Article, Protein Structure, Secondary, Protein Structure, Tertiary, protein-protein interaction, QD241-441, hot spot prediction, extracellular loops, Animals, Humans, Protein Isoforms, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acids, Sequence Alignment

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
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Average
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