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Two distinct lipid transporters together regulate invasive filamentous growth in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans

Authors: Miguel A. Basante-Bedoya; Stéphanie Bogliolo; Rocio Garcia-Rodas; Oscar Zaragoza; Robert A. Arkowitz; Martine Bassilana;

Two distinct lipid transporters together regulate invasive filamentous growth in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans

Abstract

Flippases transport lipids across the membrane bilayer to generate and maintain asymmetry. The human fungal pathogenCandida albicanshas 5 flippases, including Drs2, which is critical for filamentous growth and phosphatidylserine (PS) distribution. Furthermore, adrs2deletion mutant is hypersensitive to the antifungal drug fluconazole and copper ions. We show here that such a flippase mutant also has an altered distribution of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and ergosterol. Analyses of additional lipid transporters,i.e. the flippases Dnf1-3, and all the oxysterol binding protein (Osh) family lipid transfer proteins,i.e. Osh2-4 and Osh7, indicate that they are not critical for filamentous growth. However, deletion of Osh4 alone, which exchanges PI(4)P for sterol, in adrs2mutant can bypass the requirement for this flippase in invasive filamentous growth. In addition, deletion of the lipid phosphatase Sac1, which dephosphorylates PI(4)P, in adrs2mutant results in a synthetic growth defect, suggesting that Drs2 and Sac1 function in parallel pathways. Together, our results indicate that a balance between the activities of two putative lipid transporters regulates invasive filamentous growth,viaPI(4)P. In contrast, deletion ofOSH4indrs2does not restore growth on fluconazole, nor on papuamide A, a toxin that binds PS in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, suggesting that Drs2 has additional role(s) in plasma membrane organization, independent of Osh4. As we show thatC.albicansDrs2 localizes to different structures, including the Spitzenkörper, we investigated if a specific localization of Drs2 is critical for different functions, using a synthetic physical interaction approach to restrict/stabilize Drs2 at the Spitzenkörper. Our results suggest that the localization of Drs2 at the plasma membrane is critical forC.albicansgrowth on fluconazole and papuamide A, but not for invasive filamentous growth.

Keywords

Adenosine Triphosphatases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, QH426-470, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fungal Proteins, Candida albicans, Genetics, Humans, Fluconazole, Research Article

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    11
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold