Two distinct lipid transporters together regulate invasive filamentous growth in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans
Two distinct lipid transporters together regulate invasive filamentous growth in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans
Flippases transport lipids across the membrane bilayer to generate and maintain asymmetry. The human fungal pathogenCandida albicanshas 5 flippases, including Drs2, which is critical for filamentous growth and phosphatidylserine (PS) distribution. Furthermore, adrs2deletion mutant is hypersensitive to the antifungal drug fluconazole and copper ions. We show here that such a flippase mutant also has an altered distribution of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and ergosterol. Analyses of additional lipid transporters,i.e. the flippases Dnf1-3, and all the oxysterol binding protein (Osh) family lipid transfer proteins,i.e. Osh2-4 and Osh7, indicate that they are not critical for filamentous growth. However, deletion of Osh4 alone, which exchanges PI(4)P for sterol, in adrs2mutant can bypass the requirement for this flippase in invasive filamentous growth. In addition, deletion of the lipid phosphatase Sac1, which dephosphorylates PI(4)P, in adrs2mutant results in a synthetic growth defect, suggesting that Drs2 and Sac1 function in parallel pathways. Together, our results indicate that a balance between the activities of two putative lipid transporters regulates invasive filamentous growth,viaPI(4)P. In contrast, deletion ofOSH4indrs2does not restore growth on fluconazole, nor on papuamide A, a toxin that binds PS in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, suggesting that Drs2 has additional role(s) in plasma membrane organization, independent of Osh4. As we show thatC.albicansDrs2 localizes to different structures, including the Spitzenkörper, we investigated if a specific localization of Drs2 is critical for different functions, using a synthetic physical interaction approach to restrict/stabilize Drs2 at the Spitzenkörper. Our results suggest that the localization of Drs2 at the plasma membrane is critical forC.albicansgrowth on fluconazole and papuamide A, but not for invasive filamentous growth.
- French National Centre for Scientific Research France
- Institut des Sciences Biologiques France
- University of Georgia Press United States
- Université Cote d'Azur France
- Institute of Biology Valrose France
Adenosine Triphosphatases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, QH426-470, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fungal Proteins, Candida albicans, Genetics, Humans, Fluconazole, Research Article
Adenosine Triphosphatases, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Membrane Transport Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, QH426-470, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fungal Proteins, Candida albicans, Genetics, Humans, Fluconazole, Research Article
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