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In Silico Analysis of PORD Mutations on the 3D Structure of P450 Oxidoreductase

Authors: Muhammad Nurhafizuddin; Aziemah Azizi; Long Chiau Ming; Naeem Shafqat;

In Silico Analysis of PORD Mutations on the 3D Structure of P450 Oxidoreductase

Abstract

Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is a membrane-bound flavoprotein that helps in transferring electrons from its NADPH domain to all cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Mutations in the POR gene could severely affect the metabolism of steroid hormones and the development of skeletal muscles, a condition known as Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD). PORD is associated with clinical presentations of disorders of sex development, Antley and Bixler’s syndrome (ABS), as well as an abnormal steroid hormone profile. We have performed an in silico analysis of POR 3D X-ray protein crystal structure to study the effects of reported mutations on the POR enzyme structure. A total of 32 missense mutations were identified, from 170 PORD patients, and mapped on the 3D crystal structure of the POR enzyme. In addition, five of the missense mutations (R457H, A287P, D210G, Y181D and Y607C) were further selected for an in-depth in silico analysis to correlate the observed changes in POR protein structure with the clinical phenotypes observed in PORD patients. Overall, missense mutations found in the binding sites of POR cofactors could lead to a severe form of PORD, emphasizing the importance of POR cofactor binding domains in transferring electrons to the CYP450 enzyme family.

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Keywords

disorders of sex development (DSD), Antley and Bixley’s syndrome (ABS), Organic chemistry, cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR), Article, QD241-441, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Mutation, Humans, Steroids, cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR); cytochrome P45 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD); Antley and Bixley’s syndrome (ABS); disorders of sex development (DSD), Antley-Bixler Syndrome Phenotype, cytochrome P45 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD), NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold