Homeostatic levels of SRC-2 and SRC-3 promote early human adipogenesis
Homeostatic levels of SRC-2 and SRC-3 promote early human adipogenesis
The related coactivators SRC-2 and SRC-3 interact with peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) to coordinate transcriptional circuits to promote adipogenesis. To identify potential coactivator redundancy during human adipogenesis at single cell resolution, we used high content analysis to quantify links between PPARγ, SRC-2, SRC-3, and lipogenesis. Because we detected robust increases and significant cell–cell heterogeneity in PPARγ and lipogenesis, without changes in SRC-2 or SRC-3, we hypothesized that permissive coregulator levels comprise a necessary adipogenic equilibrium. We probed this equilibrium by down-regulating SRC-2 and SRC-3 while simultaneously quantifying PPARγ. Individual or joint knockdown equally inhibits lipid accumulation by preventing lipogenic gene engagement, without affecting PPARγ protein levels. Supporting dominant, pro-adipogenic roles for SRC-2 and SRC-3, SRC-1 knockdown does not affect adipogenesis. SRC-2 and SRC-3 knockdown increases the proportion of cells in a PPARγhi/lipidlo state while increasing phospho-PPARγ–S114, an inhibitor of PPARγ transcriptional activity and adipogenesis. Together, we demonstrate that SRC-2 and SRC-3 concomitantly promote human adipocyte differentiation by attenuating phospho-PPARγ–S114 and modulating PPARγ cellular heterogeneity.
- Baylor College of Medicine United States
- Zen Bio (United States) United States
- Research Triangle Park Foundation United States
- BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
Adipogenesis, Lipogenesis, Reproducibility of Results, Cell Differentiation, Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3, PPAR gamma, Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Phenotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Adipocytes, Homeostasis, Humans, Female, RNA, Messenger, Phosphorylation, RNA, Small Interfering, Research Articles, HeLa Cells, Protein Binding
Adipogenesis, Lipogenesis, Reproducibility of Results, Cell Differentiation, Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3, PPAR gamma, Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Phenotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Adipocytes, Homeostasis, Humans, Female, RNA, Messenger, Phosphorylation, RNA, Small Interfering, Research Articles, HeLa Cells, Protein Binding
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