BACKGROUNDKnowledge of RH variants in African populations is critical to improving transfusion safety in countries with populations of African ancestry and to providing valuable information and direction for future development of transfusion in Africa. The purpose of this report is to describe RH diversity in individuals from Mali.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSBlood samples collected from 147 individuals self‐identified as Dogon and Fulani were analyzed for Rh antigens and alleles.RESULTSThe most commonRHDallele variant wasRHD*DAU0. Five predicted partial‐D phenotypes were attributed toRHD*DAU3orRHD*DIVa. NeitherRHD*DARnorRHD*DIIIawas found. Investigation ofRHCErevealed three predicted partial‐e antigens encoded byRHCE*ce(254G)in trans toRHCE*cE. Regarding C antigen, 28 Fulani typed as C+ and 16 of 28 harbored at least oneRHCE*Ce‐D(4)‐ce, two being homozygous and predicted to show a rare RH:32,−46 phenotype. A newRHCE*ceTIwith replacement of Exon 2 byRHD(RHCE*ceTI(D2))was identified in Dogon and was identified by inheritance study to be in cis toRHD*DIVa. These samples typed C– with anti‐C polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) MS24, P3X2551368+MS24, and MS273, but positive with anti‐RhCe MoAb‐BS58. The same pattern was observed in sample withRHD*DIVa/RHCE*ceTI.CONCLUSIONOur survey indicated an uneven distribution ofRHvariant alleles between Dogon and Fulani, suggesting that study in well‐documented cohorts is warranted. A high incidence of predicted partial‐C phenotype encoded byRHCE*Ce‐D(4)‐cewas found in Fulani. Further study will also be needed to clarify the clinical significance of the newDIVa/ceTI(D2)haplotype encoding partial D and variant ce antigens.