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European Journal of Immunology
Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
Data sources: Crossref
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β2 integrins inhibit TLR responses by regulating NF‐κB pathway and p38 MAPK activation

Authors: Nathan K, Yee; Jessica A, Hamerman;

β2 integrins inhibit TLR responses by regulating NF‐κB pathway and p38 MAPK activation

Abstract

Outside‐in signals from β2 integrins require immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motif adapters in myeloid cells that are known to dampen TLR responses. However, the relationship between β2 integrins and TLR regulation is unclear. Here we show that deficiency in β2 integrins (Itgb2−/−) causes hyperresponsiveness to TLR stimulation, demonstrating that β2 integrins inhibit signals downstream of TLR ligation. Itgb2−/− macrophages and dendritic cells produced more IL‐12 and IL‐6 than WT cells when stimulated with TLR agonists and Itgb2−/− mice produced more inflammatory cytokines than WT mice when injected with LPS. TLR hypersensitivity was not the result of insufficient ABIN‐3, A20, Hes‐1, or IRAK‐M expression, nor to changes in IL‐10 production or sensitivity, though Itgb2−/− macrophages had reduced p38 MAPK phosphorylation after LPS treatment. Furthermore, a Cbl‐b‐MyD88 regulatory axis is not required for TLR inhibition in macrophages. Instead, Itgb2−/‐ macrophages presented with enhanced IκBα degradation, leading to changes in NF‐κB recruitment to target promoters and elevated cytokine, chemokine, and anti‐apoptotic gene transcription. Thus, β2 integrins limit TLR signaling by inhibiting NF‐κB pathway activation and promoting p38 MAPK activation, thereby fine‐tuning TLR‐induced inflammatory responses.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Lipopolysaccharides, Mice, Knockout, CD11b Antigen, Macrophages, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Toll-Like Receptors, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, NF-kappa B, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enzyme Activation, Cysteine Endopeptidases, Mice, CD18 Antigens, Animals, Cytokines, CD11a Antigen, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Signal Transduction

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    77
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
77
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
bronze