Dysbiosis-induced IL-33 contributes to impaired antiviral immunity in the genital mucosa
Copyright policy )Dysbiosis-induced IL-33 contributes to impaired antiviral immunity in the genital mucosa
Significance Protective mechanisms of commensal bacteria against viral infection are limited to how immune inductive signals are provided by commensal bacteria for enhancing immunity. Whether, or how, commensal bacteria might influence the effector arm of immune responses remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that dysbiosis within the vaginal microbiota results in severe impairment of antiviral protection against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. IL-33 released into the vaginal tract after antibiotic treatment blocks the ability of effector T cells to migrate into the vaginal tissue and secrete the antiviral cytokine, IFN-γ. Thus, our findings suggest a previously unstudied role of commensal bacteria in the effector phase of the antiviral immune response against genital herpes.
- National Research Council of Science and Technology Korea (Republic of)
- University of Tokyo Japan
- Yonsei University Korea (Republic of)
- Korean Association Of Science and Technology Studies Korea (Republic of)
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science Korea (Republic of)
Herpesvirus 2, Human, T-Lymphocytes, Colony Count, Colony Count, Microbial, herpes simplex virus type 2, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Mucous Membrane/virology, Microbial, Microbiota/drug effects, Herpes Genitalis/pathology, Microbiota, Human/drug effects, Mucous Membrane/pathology*, dysbiosis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Vagina/pathology, Innate*/drug effects, Vagina/immunology*, Vagina, Antiviral Agents/immunology*, Female, Interleukin-33/metabolism*, Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism, Herpes Genitalis/immunology, 610, Mucous Membrane/immunology, Antiviral Agents, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Interferon-gamma, Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis, T-Lymphocytes/drug effects, 616, Animals, Herpes Genitalis, Mucous Membrane, Eosinophils/drug effects, Eosinophils/metabolism, Herpesvirus 2, Immunity, commensal microbiota, genital tract, Interleukin-33, Dysbiosis/complications*, Immunity, Innate, Eosinophils, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Vagina/drug effects, Vagina/virology, IL-33, Dysbiosis, Herpes Genitalis/virology, Peptide Hydrolases
Herpesvirus 2, Human, T-Lymphocytes, Colony Count, Colony Count, Microbial, herpes simplex virus type 2, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Mucous Membrane/virology, Microbial, Microbiota/drug effects, Herpes Genitalis/pathology, Microbiota, Human/drug effects, Mucous Membrane/pathology*, dysbiosis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Vagina/pathology, Innate*/drug effects, Vagina/immunology*, Vagina, Antiviral Agents/immunology*, Female, Interleukin-33/metabolism*, Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism, Herpes Genitalis/immunology, 610, Mucous Membrane/immunology, Antiviral Agents, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Interferon-gamma, Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis, T-Lymphocytes/drug effects, 616, Animals, Herpes Genitalis, Mucous Membrane, Eosinophils/drug effects, Eosinophils/metabolism, Herpesvirus 2, Immunity, commensal microbiota, genital tract, Interleukin-33, Dysbiosis/complications*, Immunity, Innate, Eosinophils, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use, Vagina/drug effects, Vagina/virology, IL-33, Dysbiosis, Herpes Genitalis/virology, Peptide Hydrolases
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