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In Pursuit of New Imprinting Syndromes by Epimutation Screening in Idiopathic Neurodevelopmental Disorder Patients

Authors: Mayo S; Monfort S; Roselló M; Oltra S; Orellana C; Martínez F;

In Pursuit of New Imprinting Syndromes by Epimutation Screening in Idiopathic Neurodevelopmental Disorder Patients

Abstract

Alterations of epigenetic mechanisms, and more specifically imprinting modifications, could be responsible of neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability (ID) or autism together with other associated clinical features in many cases. Currently only eight imprinting syndromes are defined in spite of the fact that more than 200 genes are known or predicted to be imprinted. Recent publications point out that some epimutations which cause imprinting disorders may affect simultaneously different imprintedloci, suggesting that DNA-methylation may have been altered more globally. Therefore, we hypothesised that the detection of altered methylation patterns in known imprintinglociwill indirectly allow identifying new syndromes due to epimutations among patients with unexplained ID. In a screening for imprinting alterations in 412 patients with syndromic ID/autism we found five patients with altered methylation in the four genes studied:MEG3, H19, KCNQ1OT1, andSNRPN. Remarkably, the cases with partial loss of methylation inKCNQ1OT1andSNRPNpresent clinical features different to those associated with the corresponding imprinting syndromes, suggesting a multilocus methylation defect in accordance with our initial hypothesis. Consequently, our results are a proof of concept that the identification of epimutations in knownlociin patients with clinical features different from those associated with known syndromes will eventually lead to the definition of new imprinting disorders.

Keywords

Adult, Male, HYPOMETHYLATION, Gene Dosage, UNIPARENTAL DISOMY, snRNP Core Proteins, MECHANISMS, Epigenesis, Genetic, Genomic Imprinting, Humans, Child, AUTISM SPECTRUM, CHROMOSOME-14, MUTATIONS, METHYLATION, BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME, DNA Methylation, EPIGENETICS, INDIVIDUALS, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Female, Research Article

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold