Drosophila jambulina is a new species belonging to the montium subgroup of the melanogaster species group of the subgenus Sophophora. It is one of the commonest and most widespread species in India. A map of its salivary gland chromosomes has been constructed and some identifiable landmarks in each arm of the chromosome are recognized. Analysis of population samples from eight different geographical localities has yielded five different autosomal inversions, all confined to the right arm of 3rd chromosome only. However, irradiation study has shown that the distribution of induced rearrangements is more or less at random throughout the chromosomes in this species.