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B.1.617.2 enters and fuses lung cells with increased efficiency and evades antibodies induced by infection and vaccination

Authors: Inga Nehlmeier; Amy Kempf; Amy Kempf; Luise Graichen; Luise Graichen; Metodi V. Stankov; Martin Sebastian Winkler; +13 Authors

B.1.617.2 enters and fuses lung cells with increased efficiency and evades antibodies induced by infection and vaccination

Abstract

The Delta variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), B.1.617.2, emerged in India and has spread to over 80 countries. B.1.617.2 replaced B.1.1.7 as the dominant virus in the United Kingdom, resulting in a steep increase in new infections, and a similar development is expected for other countries. Effective countermeasures require information on susceptibility of B.1.617.2 to control by antibodies elicited by vaccines and used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapy. We show, using pseudotyping, that B.1.617.2 evades control by antibodies induced upon infection and BNT162b2 vaccination, although to a lesser extent as compared to B.1.351. We find that B.1.617.2 is resistant against bamlanivimab, a monoclonal antibody with emergency use authorization for COVID-19 therapy. Finally, we show increased Calu-3 lung cell entry and enhanced cell-to-cell fusion of B.1.617.2, which may contribute to augmented transmissibility and pathogenicity of this variant. These results identify B.1.617.2 as an immune evasion variant with increased capacity to enter and fuse lung cells.

Keywords

Adult, Male, COVID-19 Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, Immunization, Passive, Antibodies, Monoclonal, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Cell Line, Cell Fusion, HEK293 Cells, Neutralization Tests, Report, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Humans, Female, Lung, BNT162 Vaccine, Immune Evasion

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    73
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    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    impulse
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    Top 1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
73
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
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gold