The SNARE Proteins SNAP-25 and SNAP-23 Display Different Affinities for Lipid Rafts in PC12 Cells
The SNARE Proteins SNAP-25 and SNAP-23 Display Different Affinities for Lipid Rafts in PC12 Cells
SNAP-25 and its ubiquitously expressed homologue, SNAP-23, are SNARE proteins that are essential for regulated exocytosis in diverse cell types. Recent work has shown that SNAP-25 and SNAP-23 are partly localized in sphingolipid/cholesterol-rich lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane and that the integrity of these domains is important for exocytosis. Here, we show that raft localization is mediated by a 36-amino-acid region of SNAP-25 that is also the minimal sequence required for membrane targeting; this domain contains 4 closely spaced cysteine residues that are sites for palmitoylation. Analysis of endogenous levels of SNAP-25 and SNAP-23 present in lipid rafts in PC12 cells revealed that SNAP-23 (54% raft-associated) was almost 3-fold more enriched in rafts when compared with SNAP-25 (20% raft-associated). We report that the increased raft association of SNAP-23 occurs due to the substitution of a highly conserved phenylalanine residue present in SNAP-25 with a cysteine residue. Intriguingly, although the extra cysteine in SNAP-23 enhances its raft association, the phenylalanine at the same position in SNAP-25 acts to repress the raft association of this protein. These different raft-targeting signals within SNAP-25 and SNAP-23 are likely important for fine-tuning the exocytic pathways in which these proteins operate.
- University of Glasgow United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Science United Kingdom
Binding Sites, Phenylalanine, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Palmitic Acid, Membrane Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Qb-SNARE Proteins, PC12 Cells, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Rats, Mice, Protein Transport, Membrane Microdomains, Mutation, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Cysteine, Qc-SNARE Proteins, Carrier Proteins
Binding Sites, Phenylalanine, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Palmitic Acid, Membrane Proteins, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Qb-SNARE Proteins, PC12 Cells, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Rats, Mice, Protein Transport, Membrane Microdomains, Mutation, Animals, Amino Acid Sequence, Cysteine, Qc-SNARE Proteins, Carrier Proteins
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