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A Genetic Screen for Olfactory Habituation Mutations in Drosophila: Analysis of Novel Foraging Alleles and an Underlying Neural Circuit

Authors: Mark Eddison; Amsale T Belay; Marla B Sokolowski; Ulrike Heberlein;

A Genetic Screen for Olfactory Habituation Mutations in Drosophila: Analysis of Novel Foraging Alleles and an Underlying Neural Circuit

Abstract

Habituation is a form of non-associative learning that enables animals to reduce their reaction to repeated harmless stimuli. When exposed to ethanol vapor, Drosophila show an olfactory-mediated startle response characterized by a transient increase in locomotor activity. Upon repeated exposures, this olfactory startle attenuates with the characteristics of habituation. Here we describe the results of a genetic screen to identify olfactory startle habituation (OSH) mutants. One mutation is a transcript specific allele of foraging (for) encoding a cGMP-dependent kinase. We show this allele of for reduces expression of a for-T1 isoform expressed in the head and functions normally to inhibit OSH. We localize for-T1 function to a limited set of neurons that include olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and the mushroom body (MB). Overexpression of for-T1 in ORNs inhibits OSH, an effect also seen upon synaptic silencing of the ORNs; for-T1 may therefore function in ORNs to decrease synaptic release upon repeated exposure to ethanol vapor. Overall, this work contributes to our understanding of the genes and neurons underlying olfactory habituation in Drosophila.

Keywords

Neurons, Reflex, Startle, Ethanol, Science, Q, R, Olfactory Receptor Neurons, Smell, Drosophila melanogaster, Mutation, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Reaction Time, Medicine, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Genetic Testing, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, Alleles, Mushroom Bodies, Research Article

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    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
30
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold