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Small-residue packing motifs modulate the structure and function of a minimal de novo membrane protein

Authors: Curnow, Paul; Hardy, Benjamin J; Dufour, Virginie; Arthur, Christopher J; Stenner, Richard; Hodgson, Lorna R; Verkade, Paul; +6 Authors

Small-residue packing motifs modulate the structure and function of a minimal de novo membrane protein

Abstract

AbstractAlpha-helical integral membrane proteins contain conserved sequence motifs that are known to be important in helix packing. These motifs are a promising starting point for the construction of artificial proteins, but their potential has not yet been fully explored. Here, we study the impact of introducing a common natural helix packing motif to the transmembrane domain of a genetically-encoded and structurally dynamic de novo membrane protein. The resulting construct is an artificial four-helix bundle with lipophilic regions that are defined only by the amino acids L, G, S, A and W. This minimal proto-protein could be recombinantly expressed by diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic hosts and was found to co-sediment with cellular membranes. The protein could be extracted and purified in surfactant micelles and was monodisperse and stable in vitro, with sufficient structural definition to support the rapid binding of a heme cofactor. The reduction in conformational diversity imposed by this design also enhances the nascent peroxidase activity of the protein-heme complex. Unexpectedly, strains ofEscherichia coliexpressing this artificial protein specifically accumulated zinc protoporphyrin IX, a rare cofactor that is not used by natural metalloenzymes. Our results demonstrate that simple sequence motifs can rigidify elementary membrane proteins, and that orthogonal artificial membrane proteins can influence the cofactor repertoire of a living cell. These findings have implications for rational protein design and synthetic biology.

Keywords

Models, Molecular, 570, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/brissynbio; name=BrisSynBio, metalloenzyme, Amino Acid Motifs, Protoporphyrins, membrane proteins, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biodesign_SRI, Protein Engineering, name=BrisSynBio, Article, Protein Structure, Secondary, Escherichia coli, protein design, Escherichia coli Proteins, Membrane Proteins, 540, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/faculty_of_enigneering/school_of_chemistry/organic_biological; name=Organic & Biological, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/brissynbio, Mutation, synthetic peroxidase, synthetic biology, name=Bristol BioDesign Institute, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biodesign_SRI; name=Bristol BioDesign Institute

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold