Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were recorded in 11 awake patients from intrathalamic electrodes implanted for tremor treatment. A brief (7ms) polyphasic SEP burst (mean frequency > 1000 Hz, with occasional drops to 600 Hz) was found to be superimposed onto the primary thalamic low-frequency response at 16 ms (tP16) and preceeded a scalp-derived 600 Hz burst by 4 ms. Thalamic burst and tP16 generators had a close intrathalamic co-localization. The thalamic burst strength varied more than and independently from tP16. High-frequency thalamic SEP bursts probably reflect a superposition of slightly asynchronously triggered population spikes, generated e.g. by bursting thalamocortical relay cells. The thalamic burst amplitude fluctuations independent from low-frequency responses suggest a peculiar role for thalamic burst coding in awake subjects.