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Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1, Mitogen-Activated Protein/Extracellular Signal-Related Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1, and phosphoMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4 are Overexpressed in Extramammary Paget Disease

Authors: Yoichi Moroi; Long Dugu; Ya Ting Tu; Gaku Tsuji; Masakazu Takahara; Yue Qian; Satoshi Takeuchi; +3 Authors

Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1, Mitogen-Activated Protein/Extracellular Signal-Related Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1, and phosphoMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4 are Overexpressed in Extramammary Paget Disease

Abstract

The c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway seems to play important roles in the pathogenesis of several tumors, but its significance in extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) has not been investigated yet. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential contribution of the JNK-associated molecules, such as hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-related protein kinase kinase kinase1 (MEKK1), transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1), and phosphomitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (p-MKK4) to the development of EMPD. Thirty-five paraffin-embedded EMPD specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for HPK1, MEKK1, TAK1, and p-MKK4. All the 35 EMPD, including 13 dermal invasive EMPD and 2 lymph node metastasis, showed cytoplasmic overexpression of HPK1, MEKK1, and p-MKK4. The expression (%positive cells) of HPK1, MEKK1, and p-MKK4 in EMPD (92.3% ± 8.6%, 92.9% ± 8.6%, and 92.7% ± 7.4%, respectively) were significantly higher than in normal eccrine sweat gland cells (51.6% ± 10.4%, 44.7% ± 11.7%, 0% ± 0%). In addition, the expression of HPK1-, MEKK1-, and p-MKK4 in invasive EMPD was significantly higher than in noninvasive EMPD. Meanwhile, the expression of TAK1 was basically low and no significantly different between EMPD and normal controls. In conclusion, these results indicate that JNK pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of EMPD.

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Keywords

Adult, Male, MAP Kinase Kinase 4, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1, Middle Aged, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases, Prognosis, Immunohistochemistry, Paget Disease, Extramammary, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Female, Aged, Neoplasm Staging

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Powered by OpenAIRE graph
citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Average
Average
Average