ABSTRACT The dendritic cell system operates in situ to capture and present antigens in a form that is immunogenic to T cells. It is likely that dendritic cells require endocytic activity in order to process antigens. On the other hand, macrophages are considered to be the principal cells that internalize substrates in situ. We therefore investigated the phenotype of cells that scavenge the indigestible endocytic tracer, colloidal carbon, by phenotyping the endocytic cells with monoclonal antibodies that help distinguish macrophages from dendritic cells. Of some importance was the monoclonal N418, an antibody to the p150/90 leukocyte β2 integrin. FACS analyses on isolates from blood, spleen and peritoneal cavity showed that N418 reacts primarily with dendritic cells. N418 also stained dendritic profiles strongly in tissue sections of liver and spleen, but most of the cells that actively endocytosed carbon in both organs showed little or no N418 staining. Likewise, carbon could not be identified in cells that react with M342, which stains intracellular granules of dendritic cells. In contrast, the carbon-labeled cells in both liver and spleen were labeled with antibodies (SER-4, F4/80, FA11) that bind primarily to isolated macrophages. Therefore the clearance of colloidal carbon in situ reflects the scavenging activity of macrophages and not the endocytic activity that underlies the antigen presenting function of dendritic cells.