Drosophila glypicans control the cell-to-cell movement of Hedgehog by a dynamin-independent process
doi: 10.1242/dev.00958
pmid: 14729575
Drosophila glypicans control the cell-to-cell movement of Hedgehog by a dynamin-independent process
The signalling molecule Hedgehog (Hh) functions as a morphogen to pattern a field of cells in animal development. Previous studies in Drosophilahave demonstrated that Tout-velu (Ttv), a heparan sulphate polymerase, is required for Hh movement across receiving cells. However, the molecular mechanism of Ttv- mediated Hh movement is poorly defined. We show that Dally and Dally-like (Dly), two Drosophila glypican members of the heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG) family, are the substrates of Ttv and are essential for Hh movement. We show that embryos lacking dly activity exhibit defects in Hh distribution and its subsequent signalling. However,both Dally and Dly are involved and are functionally redundant in Hh movement during wing development. We further demonstrate that Hh movement in its receiving cells is regulated by a cell-to-cell mechanism that is independent of dynamin-mediated endocytosis. We propose that glypicans transfer Hh along the cell membrane to pattern a field of cells.
- Boston Children's Hospital United States
- Children's Hospital & Medical Center United States
Dynamins, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Endocytosis, Protein Transport, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Wings, Animal, Drosophila, Hedgehog Proteins, Proteoglycans, Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans, Signal Transduction
Dynamins, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Endocytosis, Protein Transport, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Wings, Animal, Drosophila, Hedgehog Proteins, Proteoglycans, Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans, Signal Transduction
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