Effect of Ions and Sequence Variants on the Antagonist Binding Properties of the Histamine H1 Receptor
Effect of Ions and Sequence Variants on the Antagonist Binding Properties of the Histamine H1 Receptor
The histamine H1 receptor (H1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and represents a main target in the treatment of allergic reactions as well as inflammatory reactions and depressions. Although the overall effect of antagonists on H1 function has been extensively investigated, rather little is known about the potential modulatory effect of ions or sequence variants on antagonist binding. We investigated the dynamics of a phosphate ion present in the crystal structure and of a sodium ion, for which we determined the position in the allosteric pocket by metadynamics simulations. Both types of ions exhibit significant dynamics within their binding site; however, some key contacts remain stable over the simulation time, which might be exploited to develop more potent drugs targeting these sites. The dynamics of the ions is almost unaffected by the presence or absence of doxepin, as also reflected in their small effect (less than 1 kcal·mol−1) on doxepin binding affinity. We also examined the effect of four H1R sequence variants observed in the human population on doxepin binding. These variants cause a reduction in doxepin affinity of up to 2.5 kcal·mol−1, indicating that personalized medical treatments that take into account individual mutation patterns could increase precision in the dosage of GPCR-targeting drugs.
Ions, doxepin, sequence variants, Binding Sites, allosteric modulator, molecular dynamics simulations, receptor-ligand interactions; G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); molecular dynamics simulations; metadynamics; sodium binding; sodium pocket; phosphate; doxepin; allosteric modulator; sequence variants, metadynamics, Article, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, DDC Classification::5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik :: 54 Chemie :: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, receptor-ligand interactions, Histamine H1 Antagonists, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), Humans, Receptors, Histamine, sodium pocket, Doxepin, Receptors, Histamine H1, sodium binding, phosphate, Histamine
Ions, doxepin, sequence variants, Binding Sites, allosteric modulator, molecular dynamics simulations, receptor-ligand interactions; G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); molecular dynamics simulations; metadynamics; sodium binding; sodium pocket; phosphate; doxepin; allosteric modulator; sequence variants, metadynamics, Article, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, DDC Classification::5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik :: 54 Chemie :: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, receptor-ligand interactions, Histamine H1 Antagonists, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), Humans, Receptors, Histamine, sodium pocket, Doxepin, Receptors, Histamine H1, sodium binding, phosphate, Histamine
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