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A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior

Authors: Bichuette, Maria Elina; Trajano, Eleonora;

A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior

Abstract

This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Bichuette, Maria Elina, Trajano, Eleonora (2005): A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior. Neotropical Ichthyology 3 (4): 587-595, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252005000400016, URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252005000400016&lng=en&tlng=enRhamdia enfurnada, a new troglobitic (exclusively subterranean) catfish, is described from the Gruna do Enfurnado, Serra do Ramalho, southwestern Bahia State, middle São Francisco River basin. It differs from epigean congeners from the São Francisco River basin by the variable eye size, ranging from reduced to externally invisible (bilateral asymmetry in development of eyes is frequently observed), with a conspicuous orbital concavity (orbital diameter varying from 6.4 to 13.6% of head length in R. enfurnada and from 14.5 to 24.4% in the epigean species); by the dark pigmentation reduced due to a decrease in density of melanophores, and also variable. In comparison to other cave species, R. enfurnada presents a low degree of troglomorphism regarding development of eyes and pigmentation, indicating a relatively short time evolving in isolation in the subterranean environment: R. reddelli is described as lacking eyes and with almost no pigmentation; likewise, R. macuspanensis and R. laluchensis as having rudimentary eyes, covered with skin and not visible externally, and with reduced body pigmentation; R. zongolicensis is also almost devoid of dark pigmentation, but eyes are less reduced than in R. reddelli. R. quelen urichi, also does not present any trace of eyes externally, but the body coloration is described as pale yellowish brown. Rhamdia guasarensis has a concave dorsal profile of head and a complete absence of pigmentation and eyes. The population density (preliminarily estimated in 0.1-0.2 individuals m- 2 in average, and reaching 10 individuals m-2, in the dry season and size (several thousands of individuals) of R. enfurnada may be considered high for cave fish standards. Rhamdia enfurnada exhibited an increased midwater activity when compared to their typically bottom-dwelling epigean relatives; are mostly indifferent to light and moderately aggressive.Rhamdia enfurnada, uma nova espécie de bagre troglóbio (exclusivamente subterrâneo), encontrada na Gruna do Enfurnado, Serra do Ramalho, sudoeste Baiano, Bacia do Médio Rio São Francisco, é aqui descrita. Esses bagres diferem dos congêneres com ocorrência em rios epígeos da bacia do São Francisco pela alta variabilidade no grau de desenvolvimento dos olhos, de apenas ligeiramente reduzidos até externamente invisíveis, com freqüente assimetria bilateral (diâmetro da órbita: comprimento da cabeça variando de 6,4 a 13,6% em R. enfurnada e de 14,5 a 24,4% nos espécimes epígeos examinados); pela pigmentação melânica reduzida devido à diminuição na densidade de melanóforos, também com variação populacional. Comparando-se com outras espécies cavernícolas, R. enfurnada apresenta um baixo grau de troglomorfismo, em relação aos olhos e pigmentação, indicando um tempo de isolamento no ambiente subterrâneo relativamento pequeno: R. reddelli não possui olhos e pouca pigmentação no corpo; da mesma maneira, R. macuspanensis e R. laluchensis apresentam olhos rudimentares, cobertos por pele e não visíveis externamente, além de pigmentação reduzida no corpo; R. zongolicensis quase não apresenta pigmentação no corpo. Rhamdia quelen urichi, também não possui traços de olhos visíveis externamente, mas a coloração do corpo é pálida, marrom-amarelada. Rhamdia guasarensis apresenta uma cabeça com perfil côncavo e olhos e pigmentação completamente ausentes. As densidades populacionais (preliminarmente estimada entre 0.1-0.2 indivíduos m-2, e atingindo até 10 indivíduos m-2, na estação seca) e tamanhos populacionais (milhares de indivíduos) de R. enfurnada podem ser considerados altos para padrões de organismos cavernícolas. Rhamdia enfurnada apresenta um aumento de natação na coluna d’água comparandose com os parentes epígeos, os quais apresentam tipicamente natação no fundo; apresentam indiferença à luz e são moderadamente agressivos.

Keywords

Rhamdia enfurnada, São Francisco River basin, Bahia, Subterranean catfishes, Taxonomy

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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