Soil macrofauna communities were evaluated a private farm with soybean production system using conventional tillage and no-tillage after long-term permanent pastures in Taciba, São Paulo state, Brazil. Samples were taken in December of 2004 in two areas with no-tillage (second and third year of no-till soybean production) and in a recently tilled (conventional) soybean production area converted from pasture. Four samples were taken in each area, using the standard methodology of the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme (TSBF), where soil (down to 30 cm depth) and litter fauna were hand-sorted from monoliths of 25x25 cm, and the abundance of a total of 42 taxa was assessed.