Soil macrofauna communities were evaluated in two areas recently being converted from conventional to organic grain (soybean) crop production systems at the Embrapa Soybean experiment station in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Sampling was performed in October 2003 in an area planted with soybean under conventional tillage and an area planted with pigeon-pea (Cajanus cajan) under no-tillage system. Samples were taken using the standard methodology of the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme (TSBF), where soil (down to 30 cm depth) and litter fauna were hand-sorted from monoliths of 25x25 cm, and the abundance of a total of 42 taxa was assessed.