The National Collections of Natural History at the Steinhardt Museum comprise over five million specimens that document nature over millennia, as well as the history and development of culture in the Levant region. This dynamic documentation is essential for a wide range of research topics in biology, archeology, and anthropology, as well as for applied research that supports a wide range of applied policy-relevant studies, primarily focused on agriculture and environmental conservation and health. Accordingly, the collections serve hundreds of scientists and professionals every year. Specimens are collected by the Museum’s scientists and their students in the course of their research. Birds and mammals are usually individuals that died in the wild and were collected by Israel Nature and Parks Authority rangers or from the wildlife hospital. Additionally, scientists from many other institutions transfer specimens or whole collections to our museum, to ensure their preservation for the benefit of science. Similarly, smaller museum collections and private collections are assimilated into the Steinhardt Museum collections in order to guarantee their preservation and make them accessible to the scientific community.