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Characterization of the in vivo functions of PrimPol, a novel TLS primase-polymerase

Authors: Stevanović, Irena, 1980-;

Characterization of the in vivo functions of PrimPol, a novel TLS primase-polymerase

Abstract

Hemos identificado PrimPol, una proteína no caracterizada que actua in vitro como una polimerasa de bajo procesamiento que es capaz de evitar los dímeros de timina del ADN y que se localiza en el núcleo y en las mitocondrias. Para poder investigar la función de este enzima, hemos generado ratones genetrap y knock out en los cuales se ha abolido la expression de PrimPol. En las células que no expresan PrimPol podemos observar un aumento de la inestabilidad genómica incluso en ausencia de daño, indicando que podría suprimir la expression de sitios frágiles comunes. Tras inducir daño mediante radiación ultravioleta y tratamiento con afidicolina se observó un aumento significativo de aberraciones cromosómicas. En embriones y ratones adultos mediante tinción de LacZ y pudimos ver que PrimPol está altamente expresado en piel y en los ojos en comparación con otros tejidos. La piel dañada con UV en ratones PrimPol-/- mostró una marcada hiperplasia epidérmica en comparación con los ratones salvajes. También hemos observado que en ratones PrimPol-/- de edad avanzada y en ratones jóvenes con lesiones por UV hay un aumento del número de copias de ADN mitocondrial en diferentes tejidos, lo que sugiere que PrimPol podría estar también implicada en la reparación del daño oxidativo. De acuerdo con estos descubrimientos nos planteamos la hipótesis de que PrimPol pueda actuar como una translesion polimerasa que puede saltarse grandes lesiones inducidas por UV y especies reactivas de oxígeno y así promover la integridad del ADN nuclear y mitocondrial además de un normal envejecimiento.

We have identified PrimPol, a yet uncharacterized protein that can act in vitro as a low processivity polymerase able to bypasses thymine dimers in DNA. PrimPol localizes to both the nucleus and mitochondria. In order to investigate functional role of this enzyme we have generated genetrap mice and knock out mice where PrimPol expression is abolished. In cells lacking PrimPol, we can see increased genomic instability even in the absence of damage, indicating that it may suppress expression of common fragile sites. Upon UV damage and aphidicolin treatment, there was a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations. In genetrap embryos e14.5, PrimPol expression pattern was ectoderm and eye specific. This was confirmed in the skin of adult where PrimPol was most highly expressed in the skin compared to other tissues. PrimPol-/- UV damaged skin showed marked epidermal hyperplasia compared to WT. We have also observed in aged PrimPol-/- mice, and in young mice damaged by UV, upregulation of mitochondrial DNA copy number across different tissues, implying that PrimPol may be dealing with the repair of oxidative damage as well. In accordance with these findings, we hypothesize that PrimPol acts as a translesion polymerase that can bypass bulky lesions generated by UV and reactive oxygen to promote the integrity of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA and promote normal aging.

Programa de doctorat en Biomedicina

Keywords

Genomic instability, Daño oxidativo, UV damage, Sitios frágiles, TLS polymerase, Hiperplasia epidérmica, 616.5, Epidermal hyperplasia, Mitochondria, Inestabilidad genómica, TLS polimerasa, Oxidative damage, TT dimmers, Fragile sites, Dímeros de timina, Daño por radiación ultravioleta, Piel, Mitocondrias, Skin

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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