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Defective apical extrusion signaling contributes to aggressive tumor hallmarks

Authors: Gu, Yapeng; Shea, Jill; Slattum, Gloria; Firpo, Matthew A; Alexander, Margaret; J Mulvihill, Sean; Golubovskaya, Vita M; +1 Authors

Defective apical extrusion signaling contributes to aggressive tumor hallmarks

Abstract

When epithelia become too crowded, some cells are extruded that later die. To extrude, a cell produces the lipid, Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P), which activates S1P 2 receptors in neighboring cells that seamlessly squeeze the cell out of the epithelium. Here, we find that extrusion defects can contribute to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Tumors or epithelia lacking S1P 2 cannot extrude cells apically and instead form apoptotic-resistant masses, possess poor barrier function, and shift extrusion basally beneath the epithelium, providing a potential mechanism for cell invasion. Exogenous S1P 2 expression is sufficient to rescue apical extrusion, cell death, and reduce orthotopic pancreatic tumors and their metastases. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) inhibitor can bypass extrusion defects and could, therefore, target pancreatic, lung, and colon tumors that lack S1P 2 without affecting wild-type tissue.

Country
United Kingdom
Keywords

tumor initiation, 570, Embryo, Nonmammalian, QH301-705.5, Science, 610, epithelial, Apoptosis, carcinoma, Models, Biological, Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells, Dogs, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Biology (General), Neoplasm Metastasis, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Cell Aggregation, Q, R, Cell Polarity, Epithelial Cells, Cell Biology, invasion, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Receptors, Lysosphingolipid, extrusion, pancreatic, Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Medicine, Epidermis, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal, Signal Transduction

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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    62
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
62
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green
gold