Cyclic RGD and isoDGR Integrin Ligands Containing cis-2-amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic (cis-β-ACPC) Scaffolds
Cyclic RGD and isoDGR Integrin Ligands Containing cis-2-amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic (cis-β-ACPC) Scaffolds
Integrin ligands containing the tripeptide sequences Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and iso-Asp-Gly- Arg (isoDGR) were actively investigated as inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis and directing unit in tumor-targeting drug conjugates. Reported herein is the synthesis, of two RGD and one isoDGR cyclic peptidomimetics containing (1S,2R) and (1R,2S) cis-2-amino-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (cis-β-ACPC), using a mixed solid phase/solution phase synthetic protocol. The three ligands were examined in vitro in competitive binding assays to the purified αvβ3 and α5β1 receptors using biotinylated vitronectin (αvβ3) and fibronectin (α5β1) as natural displaced ligands. The IC50 values of the ligands ranged from nanomolar (the two RGD ligands) to micromolar (the isoDGR ligand) with a pronounced selectivity for αvβ3 over α5β1. In vitro cell adhesion assays were also performed using the human skin melanoma cell line WM115 (rich in integrin αvβ3). The two RGD ligands showed IC50 values in the same micromolar range as the reference compound (cyclo[RGDfV]), while for the isoDGR derivative an IC50 value could not be measured for the cell adhesion assay. A conformational analysis of the free RGD and isoDGR ligands by NMR (VT-NMR and NOESY experiments) and computational studies (MC/EM and MD), followed by docking simulations performed in the αVβ3 integrin active site, provided a rationale for the behavior of these ligands toward the receptor.
- National Research Council Italy
- University of Regensburg Germany
- National Research Council Sri Lanka
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche Italy
- University of Milan Italy
Carboxylic Acids, Molecular Conformation, Organic chemistry, Ligands, Peptides, Cyclic, Article, Inhibitory Concentration 50, QD241-441, integrin ligands, Isomerism, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Adhesion, Humans, NMR conformational analysis, peptidomimetics; integrin ligands; beta-amino acids; NMR conformational analysis, Binding Sites, 540, Integrin alphaVbeta3, Fibronectins, beta-amino acids, Molecular Docking Simulation, peptidomimetics, Peptidomimetics, Oligopeptides
Carboxylic Acids, Molecular Conformation, Organic chemistry, Ligands, Peptides, Cyclic, Article, Inhibitory Concentration 50, QD241-441, integrin ligands, Isomerism, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Adhesion, Humans, NMR conformational analysis, peptidomimetics; integrin ligands; beta-amino acids; NMR conformational analysis, Binding Sites, 540, Integrin alphaVbeta3, Fibronectins, beta-amino acids, Molecular Docking Simulation, peptidomimetics, Peptidomimetics, Oligopeptides
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