Increased Expression of Flightless I in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Affects Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Increased Expression of Flightless I in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Affects Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) accounts for 25% of cutaneous malignancies diagnosed in Caucasian populations. Surgical removal in combination with radiation and chemotherapy are effective treatments for cSCC. Nevertheless, the aggressive metastatic forms of cSCC still have a relatively poor patient outcome. Studies have linked actin cytoskeletal dynamics and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as important modulators of cSCC pathogenesis. Previous studies have also shown that the actin-remodeling protein Flightless (Flii) is a negative regulator of cSCC. The aim of this study was to investigate if the functional effects of Flii on cSCC involve the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Flii knockdown was performed using siRNA in a human late stage aggressive metastatic cSCC cell line (MET-1) alongside analysis of Flii genetic murine models of 3-methylcholanthrene induced cSCC. Flii was increased in a MET-1 cSCC cell line and reducing Flii expression led to fewer PCNA positive cells and a concomitant reduction in cellular proliferation and symmetrical division. Knockdown of Flii led to decreased β-catenin and a decrease in the expression of the downstream effector of β-catenin signaling protein SOX9. 3-Methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced cSCC in Flii overexpressing mice showed increased markers of cancer metastasis including talin and keratin-14 and a significant increase in SOX9 alongside a reduction in Flii associated protein (Flap-1). Taken together, this study demonstrates a role for Flii in regulating proteins involved in cSCC proliferation and tumor progression and suggests a potential role for Flii in aggressive metastatic cSCC.
squamous cell carcinoma, Skin Neoplasms, Article, Mice, cancer metastasis, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Cell Proliferation, Microfilament Proteins, Flightless; squamous cell carcinoma; cancer metastasis; non-melanoma skin cancer, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Disease Models, Animal, flightless, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Trans-Activators, Female, non-melanoma skin cancer, Methylcholanthrene
squamous cell carcinoma, Skin Neoplasms, Article, Mice, cancer metastasis, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Wnt Signaling Pathway, Cell Proliferation, Microfilament Proteins, Flightless; squamous cell carcinoma; cancer metastasis; non-melanoma skin cancer, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Disease Models, Animal, flightless, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Trans-Activators, Female, non-melanoma skin cancer, Methylcholanthrene
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