Objective: To explore the relationship between: anxiety and depression, and mental elasticity in malignant hematopathy patients.Methods: Two hundred and eighty-four malignant hematopathy patients were studied using: a demographic questionnaire; resilience scale scores; self-rating anxiety scale scores; and, self-rating depression scale scores. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0.Results: Patients with malignant hematopathy had anxiety and depression scores significantly higher than the national norm and were statistically significant. Resilience scores, and their dimensions, of a group of patients positive for anxiety and depression were significantly lower than those of a group of patients negative for anxiety and depression, which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Mental elasticity scores, and their dimensions, negatively correlated with anxiety and depression levels. A regression analysis of optimism and strength, negatively predicted depression, while optimism negatively predicted anxiety.Conclusion: Patients with malignant hematopathy have low mental elasticity which closely relates to anxiety and depression. Mental elasticity is a predictor of both anxiety and depression.